The life of muhammad summary

His family background and tree can be traced to the Quraysh tribe. Aminah shared memories of the day she put the baby Muhammad down on the floor. According to her, the child directed his head towards the sky and gazed at the horizons, prophesizing one God Allah. When he arrived, Abdul-Mutalib took the the life of muhammad summary to the Kaaba and said some prayers to Allah.

The Kaaba is a cube-shaped stone building in Mecca. Less than 7 years after his birth, Muhammad was fully orphaned when Aminah passed away. His grandfather Muttalib took care of him as a guardian. It has been said that Muttalib even cared for Muhammad better than his own wards. This was because he had high faith in him. At about age 8, another disaster struck little Muhammad.

His grandfather Muttalib was called to eternal rest. Their religious beliefs were largely that of polytheism. They believed and worshiped all sorts of gods idols. Deep within the city of Mecca, idol worshiping was no exception. Of all the worshiping sites, the Kaaba was the most famous ground. Islam followers believe that the Prophet Abraham Ibrahim was the one who built the Kaaba.

Though numerous gods were worshiped in Mecca, Allah stood tall among the rest. He was the only true God that was not affiliated with idols. During his teenage days, Muhammad partook in the nomadic lifestyle of his people. They used camels and crisscrossed deserts to trade for their livelihood. To some extent, Muhammad came from a less privileged family background.

He joined his uncle on commercial voyages to Syria, and across the Mediterranean and then the Indian Ocean. When he reached his twenties, Muhammad worked with a rich businesses woman by name Khadijah. Muhammad was 15 years younger than her. Their merchant dealings soon progressed into a strong bond of affection. Khadijah, a wealthy widow, was all in to having Muhammad as a spouse, so she proposed marriage to him.

Muhammad welcomed the idea and their union was blessed with plenty of fruits. However, not all their children made it into adulthood. Some died prematurely. From them came Nabit and Qaydar, and from these two in particular, God made a group of Arabs multiply. Continue Reading. At that time in Makkah, the people named years by major events.

It was the year of the Western calendar. Then another woman nursed him. Her name was H alimah. In those days in Makkah, women wanted their children nursed by Bedouins who lived outside of the city. They believed that their children would be healthier if they were raised in the desert. Aminah was very happy. We know from our beloved Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that he was a shepherd at some time in his life.

Our Prophet said that every prophet tended sheep. She soon became attracted to this young, accomplished man and proposed marriage. He accepted and over the years the happy union brought several children. Muhammad was also very religious, occasionally taking journeys of devotion to sacred sites near Mecca. On one of his pilgrimages inhe was meditating in a cave on Mount Jabal aI-Nour.

Recite for your lord is most generous…. Islamic tradition holds that the first persons to believe were his wife, Khadija and his close friend Abu Bakr regarded as the successor to Muhammad by Sunni Muslims. Soon, Muhammad began to gather a small following, initially encountering no opposition. Most people in Mecca either ignored him or mocked him as just another prophet.

Besides going against long standing beliefs, the condemnation of idol worship had economic consequences for merchants who catered to the thousands of pilgrims who came to Mecca every year. Increasingly, the resistance to Muhammed and his followers grew and they were eventually forced to emigrate from Mecca to Medina, a city miles to the north in This event marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar.

The life of muhammad summary

Muhammad settled in Medina, building his Muslim community and gradually gathering acceptance and more followers. Between andthe Muslims were involved in a series of battles for their survival. In the final major confrontation, The Battle of the Trench and Siege of Medina, Muhammad and his followers prevailed and a treaty was signed. Some calculate his birth date as April 20, Shi'a Muslims believe it to be April 26and some as ; tradition places it in the Year of the Elephant.

Muhammad's father, Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, had died before he was born, and the young boy was brought up by his paternal grandfather Abd al-Muttalib, of the the life of muhammad summary of Quraysh or Quraish. Tradition says that as an infant, he was placed with a Bedouin wet nurse, Halima, as desert life was believed to be safer and healthier for children.

At the age of six, Muhammad lost his mother Amina, and at the age of eight his grandfather Abd al-Muttalib. Muhammad now came under care of his uncle Abu Talib, the new leader of the Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe, the most powerful in Mecca. Mecca was a thriving commercial center, due in great part to a stone temple called the Ka'bah that housed many different idols, possibly numbering Merchants from different tribes would visit Mecca during the pilgrimage season, when all inter-tribal warfare was forbidden and they could trade in safety.

As a teenager, Muhammad began accompanying his uncle on trading journeys to Syria. He thus became well-traveled and gained some knowledge of life beyond Mecca. During the rebuilding of the Ka'bah after a flood some sources say firea fight almost broke out over whom would have the honor of putting the Black Stone back in its place. Abu Umayyah, Makkah's oldest man, suggested that the first man to enter the gate of the mosque the next morning would decide the matter.

That man was Muhammad. The Makkans were ecstatic. Muhammad proposed a solution that all agreed to—putting the Black Stone on a cloak, the elders of each of the clans held on to one edge of the cloak and carried the stone to its place. The Prophet then picked up the stone and placed it on the wall of the Ka'ba. The precise date of this incident is not known.

One of Muhammad's employers was Khadijah, a rich widow then 40 years old. The young year-old Muhammad so impressed Khadijah that she offered him marriage in the year C. He became a wealthy man through this marriage. By Arab custom minors did not inherit, so Muhammad had received no inheritance from either his father or his grandfather. Ibn Ishaq records that Khadijah bore Muhammad five children, one son and four daughters.

All of Khadija's children were born before Muhammad started preaching about Islam. His son Qasim died at the age of two. The Shi'a say that Muhammad had only the one daughter, Fatima, and that the other daughters were either children of Khadijah by her previous marriage, or children of her sister. Muhammad routinely spent nights in a cave Hira near Mecca in meditation and thought.

Muslims believe that around the yearwhile meditating, Muhammad had a vision of the angel Gabriel and heard a voice saying to him in rough translation : "Read in the name of your Lord the Creator. He created man from something that clings. Read, and your Lord is the Most Honored. He taught man with the pen; taught him all that he knew not" See surat Al-AlaqQ Muslims stress that Muhammad had never taken part in idol worship just as Abraham kept himself apart from idolatry in Ur; see Q This experience took place on what became known as the "Night of Power and Excellence," the night worth a thousand months, Q in the month of Ramadan the month of the fast.

It was his unhappiness with the ethics and religious practices of his peers that compelled him to seek spiritual retreat in the cave. The first vision of Gabriel disturbed Muhammad, but Khadijah reassured him that it was a true vision and became his first follower. She is said to have consulted her relative, Warakah, renowned for his knowledge of scripture Christian scripturewho was also convinced that God was choosing Muhammad as a Prophet.

Some sources reverse the order of their conversion. Until his death, Muhammad received frequent revelations, although there was a relatively long gap after the first revelation. This silence worried him, until he received surat ad-Dhuhawhose words provided comfort and reassurance. The hadith tell us more about how Muhammad experienced revelation.

Often, he saw Gabriel. Sometimes, the life of muhammad summary was preceded by what sounded like the ringing of a bell. The words seemed as if they were burnt into his heart, and he had no choice but to proclaim them. Even on bitterly cold nights, the experience left him dripping with sweat. Tradition says that before Muhammad died, Gabriel recited the whole of the Qur'an again to ensure that no content was lost and that all the verses were correctly remembered.

He often wrapped himself in his cloak during the experience of receiving revelation. According to tradition, Muhammad was unlettered. He is described as the al-nabiyy-al-ummiy Q;which is usually understood to mean that he was illiterate. This safeguards the Qur'an's integrity for Muslims as completely divine, containing no human content.

Non-Muslims, who often claim that Muhammad wrote the Qur'an, dispute this—but Muslims argue that even if Muhammad was not entirely illiterateno human could have composed the Qur'an, which is a miracle of language and incomparable as a work in Arabic. Muslims often dislike calling the Qur'an a 'text,' since this compares it with human creations while it has no human author.

Nasr compares the unletteredness of Muhammad with Mary's virginity :. The human vehicle of a Divine Message must be pure and untainted If this word is in the form of flesh, the purity is symbolized by the virginity of the mother AroundMuhammad began to spread his message amongst the people. Most of those who heard his message ignored it. A few mocked him, calling him a magician, a soothsayer, a poet the Qur'an is rhymed prose but Muhammad always rejected the accusation that he was a poet.

Some, however, believed—and joined his small following of companions called the believers, al-mu'minum. Many of these supporters were from the poorest and most oppressed classes, although some were powerful and influential. As the ranks of Muhammad's followers swelled, he became a threat to the local tribes and the rulers of the city. Their wealth rested on the Ka'bah, a sacred house of idols and the focal point of Meccan religious life.

If they threw out their idols, as Muhammad preached, there would be no more pilgrims, no more trade, and no more wealth. Muhammad and his followers were persecuted. Muhammad's enemies boycotted his supporters' businesses and sometimes attacked them in the streets. Poets denounced him. His own prestigious pedigree protected him from physical harm.

Concerned for the safety of his small following, Muhammad sent a group to Abyssinia and founded a small colony there. The Christian ruler received them with courtesy. The one just GodAllah, whose existence Muhammad proclaimed was incomparable, could not be represented and, unlike the gods and goddesses surrounding the Ka'bah, Allah God in Arabic, a masculine form has neither partners nor offspring.

The Arabs did revere Allah but thought him remote and aloof, while impersonal and arbitrary time zaman controlled human destiny. As well as fearing that their income stream was under threat, the polytheists were also alarmed by the egalitarian message that Muhammad proclaimed. The nobility controlled justice, to their own advantage, and they had no desire to relinquish their elite privileges.

Several suras chapters and parts of suras are said to date from this time, and reflect its circumstances: see for example al-Masaddal-Humazaparts of Maryam and Al-Anbiyaal-Kafirunand Abasa. It was during this period that the episode known as the "Satanic Verses" may have occurred. Some non-Muslims think that Muhammad was briefly tempted to relax his condemnation of Meccan polytheism and buy peace with his neighbors, but later recanted his words and repented see Q and also Q which says that whenever Muhammad received revelation, Satan tried to substitute his words for the divine words.

The incident is reported in only a few sources see Guillaume, and Muslims disagree as to its authenticity. Inboth Muhammad's wife Khadijah and his uncle Abu Talib died. It was known as "the year of mourning. Muslims patiently endured hunger and persecution. It was a bleak time. AboutMuhammad went on the Isra and Miraj night journey and ascensiona two-part journey he took in one night.

Isra is the Arabic word referring to what it regarded as Muhammad's miraculous night journey from Mecca to Jerusalemspecifically, to the site of the Masjid al-Aqsathe al-Aqsa Mosque. It is believed to have been followed by the Mirajhis ascension to heaven, where he toured heaven and helland spoke with Allah and earlier prophets including Moses, Abraham and Jesus and received the instruction that his followers should pray five times daily.

Non-Muslims are skeptical about the authenticity of this event, while some Muslims suggest that it was a spiritual and not a physical experience see Asad Bylife in the small Muslim community of Mecca was becoming not only difficult, but also dangerous. Muslim traditions say that there were several attempts to assassinate Muhammad. Muhammad then resolved to emigrate to Medina, then known as Yathrib, a large agricultural oasis where there were a number of Muslim converts.

By breaking the link with his own tribe, Muhammad demonstrated that tribal and family loyalties were insignificant compared to the bonds of Islama revolutionary idea in the tribal society of Arabia. This Hijra or emigration traditionally translated into English as "flight" marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. The Muslim calendar counts dates from the Hijra, which is why Muslim dates have the suffix A.

After Hijra. Only after the Hijrah were the believers called Muslims, the religion Islam Q and the five daily prayers established.