Kimpa vita version francaise lions

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Sign up Log in. Search icon An illustration of a magnifying glass. Metropolitan Museum Cleveland Museum of Art. Kimpa Vita is seen as an antislavery figure and as anticipating African democracy movements. While the role of Kimpa Vita is widely overlooked, the years of her movement are some of the best documented in Kongo's history. She was born into a family of the Kongo nobility, probably of the class called Mwana Kongo, and her father was a regional commander of the King's army.

Kimpa Vita was baptized Dona Beatriz at her father's behest, following the Catholic beliefs of the Kings. At the time of her birth, Kongo was torn by civil war. She forbade her people to let the Portuguese in because they were going to enslave them. She kept proclaiming the message until the Portuguese Catholics burned her at the stake.

There was a great deal of religious fervor among these colonists who were tired of the endless civil wars in the country, and many had become followers of an old prophet, Appolonia Mafuta. During a supernatural illness inKimpa Vita claimed to have received visions of God while on the verge of death, wherein she was given divine commandment to preach to King Pedro IV, resurrecting her.

While in this state, she learned that Kongo must reunite under a new king, for the civil wars that had plagued Kongo since the battle of Mbwila in had angered Christ. She was ordered to unite the Congo under one king. Following the practices of Catholic monks, she forwent all her earthly possessions and set out on her mission to preach to King Pedro IV.

She also destroyed non-Kongolese Catholic paraphernalia.

Kimpa vita version francaise lions

When she had her audience with King Pedro IV, she denounced him for his lack of will to restore the Kongo to its former glory; additionally, she denounced an Italian priest, Bernardo de Gallo, accusing him of not wanting black saints in Kongo. However, in a short time she was able to gather a significant number of followers and became a factor in the struggle for power.

Her movement recognized the papal primate but was hostile towards the European missionaries in Congo. This was recognized by Bernardo de Gallo—who claimed Kimpa Vita to be possessed by the devil—to be an incredible act and led her to be adored and acclaimed as the restorer of Kongo. However, she soon won noble converts as well, including Pedro Constantinho da Silva Kibenga, the commander of one of Pedro IV's armies sent to reoccupy the city.

Since he chose his devotion to Beatriz as an opportunity to rebel, Pedro IV decided to destroy Kimpa Vita; all the more as his own wife, Hipolitahad become an Antonian convert. Kimpa Vita believed that this sin had stripped her of virtue and is what led to her eventual downfall. Kimpa Vita kept the pregnancy a secret from her followers and soon returned to her hometown with the child.

Beatriz sent out missionaries of her movement to other provinces. They were not successful in the coastal province of Soyowhere the Prince expelled them, but they were much more successful in the dissident southern part of Soyo and Mbamba Lovata, which lay south of Soyo. Much of her teaching is known from the Salve Antoniana, a prayer she adapted from the Catholic prayer Salve Regina Hail Holy Queen into an anthem of the movement.

Among other things, the Salve Antoniana taught that God was only concerned with believers' intentions, not with sacraments or good works, and that Saint Anthony was the greatest one - in fact, a "second God". Kimpa Vita's teachings stated that Kongolese Catholicism was the true form of Catholicism and that the teachings and practices of white and Capuchin Catholics were incorrect and elitist.

She believed that black people originated from the skin of a fig treeand thus many followers of the Antonine Movement wore cloth spun from the bark of these trees. Many of these beliefs were greatly influential in raising the hope and morale of the Kongolese people during a time of civil war and the transatlantic slave tradetimes when both national identity and the perceived human worth of the Kongolese people were called into question.

Kimpa Vita held a weekly rite of rebirth wherein she reenacted her reincarnation as Saint Anthony, ceremoniously dying each Friday and resurrecting each Saturday. In addition, Kimpa Vita taught that her followers should lead lives of chastity, yet she would become pregnant three times. Software Images icon An illustration of two photographs.

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